Malaria is one of the biggest and long term plagues ever to beset mankind largely because of the fact that the agent that carries the microorganism that causes the disease, the anopheles mosquito, has developed immunity against such drugs as quinine. The ailment occurs mainly in hotter regions of the world especially the tropical climes. There is also the theory that poor living conditions of inhabitants of these regions aid in its spread. It is generally characterized by the following symptoms.
There are four one celled parasite species of parasitic protozoa malaria that infect man: Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium malariae, and Plasmodium ovale. Plasmodium falciparum, has for perhaps ten thousand years, used mosquitoes to transmit itself to humans. Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium ovale are relapsing forms of malaria, meaning the parasite can remain in a type of dormant state in the human body and will come alive or resurface again when the human body defenses are lowered.
Malaria is quite common in the tropics and it is transmitted through bites of an infected female mosquito. The appearance of symptoms of malaria symptoms of the disease tend to show depend on the type of parasite. For instance, you will get initial symptoms of malaria in 9 to 14 days if you are infected with Plasmodium falciparum; 12 to 18 days for Plasmodium vivax or Plasmodium ovale; and 18 to 40 days for Plasmodium malariae.
The first malaria symptoms for plasmodium vivax, ovale and malariae appear as typical flu-like symptoms in adults. The sufferer may feel weak, dizzy and experience vomiting or diarrhea. If the individual has contracted plasmodium falciparum, the symptoms will be more threatening in nature. They can include intense muscle spasms, kidney failure, low urine output (less than 400 ml per day), fluid in the lungs, labored breathing, and frothy sputum.
Before traveling to a destination where malaria might be an issue, there are several preventative measures that can be taken to ensure one’s health. Visit a doctor to discuss the possible medications available. Wear long pants and long-sleeved shirts to protect exposed skin from getting bitten. Use mosquito nets and insect repellents to decrease the chances of becoming infected. Research the site regional malaria information with regard to your destination.
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