Is a type of bacteria of the genus Klebsiella, named by microbiologists from the german Edwin Klebs (1834-1913), rod-shaped, gram negative, oxidase negative, non-motile bacteria with a prominent polysaccharide capsule-based. Included in the family Enterobacteriaceae. Is a bacterial pathogen.
This bacterium causes pneumonia infection. Klebsiella pneumonia bacteria destroys the immune system. Layer that provides protection from phagocytosis by polymorphonuclear granulocytes and avoid the death of bacteria from bactericidal serum factors. Klebsiella are found everywhere in nature and are usually found in skin, gastrointestinal gastroinytestinal or pharynx, wounds and sterile human urine.
Two members of the genus called Klebsiella pneumoniae causes most human infections, and Klebsiella oxytoca and those who stand out in the mucosal surfaces of mammals. The main cause of pathogen infection is the hands of hospital staff and patients digestive tract.
Klebsiella generally attacks the middle aged or old people suffering from diabetes or alcoholism and infection usually attacks the lungs and cause severe damage.
Other infections caused by Klebsiella is a nosocomial infection, which usually affects the biliary tract, urinary tract and lower respiratory tract or surgical wound area. The main reason for this is a urinary catheter infections, antibiotic use, pollution equipment and tools invasive respiratory support. There are two other rare infection caused by Klebsiella, namely ozena and rhinoscleroma.
It has been shown that the use of antibiotics in hospitals opened the way for the
emergence of strains of Klebsiella producing multidrug. Strains have the ability to spread quickly and are very strong.
There are certain other factors that contribute to the spread of infection, a weak health status, venous catheters, indwelling catheters and feeding tubes. However, it has been the subject of great debate in many hospitals on the use of these species along with other antibiotics, which are responsible for plasmid transfer to other organisms.
Typically, Klebsiella infections strike people with weakened immune systems due to any reason, such as, poor diet, alcoholics and diabetics. Because certain unhygienic conditions in hospitals, patients admitted to the hospital often fall victim to it Klebsiella infection, the infection is most prominent in this case is nosocomial infection. This does not mean that people outside the hospital remained free from attacks of this disease.
As far as mortality is concerned for Klebsiella pneumonia, has a mortality rate of 50% in the case of antimicrobial therapy, whereas for people with alcoholism and bacteremia; Klebsiella pneumonia death rate is 100%.
Since the discovery of Klebsiella pneumoniae, ie 100 years ago, has been considered a primary pulmonary pathogen. The main symptoms of this infection include high fever, hemoptysis and toxic presentation with sudden onset. Other Tt may include chest radiograph abnormalities such as cavitary abscess and fissure interbolar bulging. In the past, K pneumoniae is very prominent, but today its intensity has been reduced because only 1% of cases of Klebsiella pneumonia requiring hospitalization in North America.
